{"id":31563,"date":"2021-02-08T06:00:17","date_gmt":"2021-02-08T05:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/a-desk.org\/?p=31563"},"modified":"2023-07-09T14:34:14","modified_gmt":"2023-07-09T12:34:14","slug":"no-es-com-nosaltres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/a-desk.org\/ca\/magazine\/no-es-com-nosaltres\/","title":{"rendered":"No \u00e9s com nosaltres"},"content":{"rendered":"

La nostra escala no ens permet observar la vastitud de la terra o l’univers, ni tampoc elements \u00ednfims ni microsc\u00f2pics, si no \u00e9s amb l’ajuda d’unes certes eines. Una d’elles \u00e9s la pr\u00f2pia hist\u00f2ria, que t\u00e9 la qualitat d’afectar-nos encara que, com a tal, pertanyi a un temps al qual no podem tornar. El passat, dit d’una altra forma, no \u00e9s un c\u00famul d’etapes superades, sin\u00f3 el s\u00f2l des del qual brolla el present.<\/p>\n

Dic tot aix\u00f2 perqu\u00e8, malgrat l’enorme dist\u00e0ncia que ens separa, els pobles hel\u00b7l\u00e8nics van determinar la nostra visi\u00f3 de la malaltia; quan avui llegim sobre l’ansietat que els produ\u00efa respirar un mal aire<\/em> enviat pels d\u00e9us -la miasma<\/em>-, ens resultar\u00e0 impossible desvincular aquesta idea dels qui, l’any 2020 -i el que continua-, hem viscut turmentats per la pres\u00e8ncia d’un virus que no coneix fronteres.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Per a escriure aquest text, el Joaqu\u00edn em va demanar que tingu\u00e9s com a refer\u00e8ncia una de les escenes m\u00e9s belles, pel que t\u00e9 d\u2019impactant, que ens ha deixat la pand\u00e8mia: en ella apareix el Papa Francesc beneint Roma i el m\u00f3n sota la llum melanc\u00f2lica d’un cel cobalt, ple de n\u00favols. A la Pla\u00e7a de Sant Pere nom\u00e9s hi \u00e9s ell amb un monsenyor, dirigint-se a un espai sense vida en el qual una pluja inclement no para de caure.<\/p>\n

El sentiment d’indefensi\u00f3 que genera aquesta imatge pot cobrar un gran significat per al creient, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 diu moltes coses per als qui som ateus, com que hi ha part\u00edcules min\u00fascules que suren en l’aire que la nostra escala no ens permet veure: un virus que, per quan aquest text s’hagi publicat, ja s’haur\u00e0 emportat la vida de gaireb\u00e9 dos milions de persones, col\u00b7lapsant els sistemes de salut i l’economia de la gran majoria de nacions. El clima d’inseguretat produ\u00eft per les conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies d’aquesta pand\u00e8mia \u00e9s compartit per gaireb\u00e9 tots. Una part de la societat haur\u00e0 trobat empara en les decisions pol\u00edtiques i m\u00e8diques \u2013la vacuna \u00e9s la pedra filosofal del m\u00f3n laic\u2013 i, una altra part, a m\u00e9s, haur\u00e0 trobat consol en la idea que aquesta trag\u00e8dia respon a un prop\u00f2sit que es dicta en un m\u00f3n que no \u00e9s aquest.<\/p>\n

Per molt distants que ens semblin, els pobles hel\u00b7l\u00e8nics van irrigar amb el seu pensament el s\u00f2l d\u2019on van sorgir les tres religions abrah\u00e0miques, les monoteistes: l’experi\u00e8ncia constant de la injust\u00edcia \u2013la mateixa en l’oligarquia atenesa que en la societat marcial espartana\u2013 va donar origen a la creen\u00e7a d’una just\u00edcia compensat\u00f2ria al cel. Davant del temor a contagiar-se i estar male\u00eft, propi de les classes m\u00e9s baixes (dels ilotes, els esclaus), va apar\u00e8ixer un equilibri: el desig universal de purificaci\u00f3. La por als dissenys ocults dels d\u00e9us, als seus capritxos i tirades de daus, nom\u00e9s va poder suportar-se a trav\u00e9s de la k\u00e1tharsis<\/em>, la purgaci\u00f3 no sols m\u00e0gica, com a moral. Per primera vegada a Occident, les idees de contaminaci\u00f3 i pecat es fonen en una sola. D’ara endavant no bastar\u00e0 que les mans estiguin netes, el cor \u2013la fe o la ideologia\u2013 tamb\u00e9 havia d’estar-ho.<\/p>\n

Per\u00f2 va haver-hi un pensador j\u00f2nic, sovint oblidat, que es va enfrontar a aquestes velles creences populars i a la superstici\u00f3 mundana del seu temps: Xen\u00f2fanes de Colof\u00f3. Va ser el primer a exercir una cr\u00edtica destructiva a la religi\u00f3 civil d’Homer i Hes\u00edode, el gran pante\u00f3 mitol\u00f2gic en el qual els d\u00e9us s’assemblaven, en forma i actitud, massa<\/em> als mortals. Xen\u00f2fanes va arribar a la conclusi\u00f3 que si els d\u00e9us tamb\u00e9 s’emborratxaven i cometien adulteri \u2013i, a m\u00e9s, com ens expliquen molts dels mites, sentien enveja pel que nosaltres f\u00e8iem\u2013 no podien ser tractats com a tal; no era possible que l’activitat humana tingu\u00e9s un reflex nociu sobre la divinitat. Cap d\u00e9u seri\u00f3s podia cometre els nostres vicis i errors, deixar-se arrossegar per les nostres flaqueses. Aix\u00ed que Xen\u00f2fanes va arribar a la conclusi\u00f3 que no existia un Olimp, ni forces sobrenaturals mogudes per l’odi o la gelosia, ni de\u00eftats corruptes o capritxoses. Existia \u00fanicament un d\u00e9u, i aquest d\u00e9u no s’assemblava en absolut, ni en forma ni pensament, a nosaltres.<\/p>\n

\u00c9s un punt d’inflexi\u00f3 tan important com per a assenyalar que de la seva filosofia en sortirien dos corrents antag\u00f2nics que dividirien la llarga marxa del pensament: el materialisme (per a burlar-se de les creences populars va dir que si el bou pogu\u00e9s pintar, el seu d\u00e9u s\u2018assemblaria a un bou) i la metaf\u00edsica m\u00e9s abstracta, el platonisme i l’aristotelisme, que s\u00f3n al seu torn el nucli de la fredor de Jehov\u00e0 i Al\u00b7l\u00e0, imperceptibles i inescrutables.<\/p>\n

No obstant aix\u00f2, el catolicisme va mantenir en Crist la funci\u00f3 perduda de la mitologia, la part visible d’un d\u00e9u que, com era de carn i ossos, era capa\u00e7 de gaudir i sofrir i, per tant, era m\u00e9s pr\u00f2xim i comprensible per als mortals. \u00c9s curi\u00f3s que un dels grans pensadors de l’Esgl\u00e9sia, Sant Tom\u00e0s d’Aquino, don\u00e9s un advertiment tan esquin\u00e7ador fa vuit-cents anys, un que els mateixos creients solen passar per alt: \u201cTota passi\u00f3 es dona en un ser contingent, per\u00f2 D\u00e9u est\u00e0 totalment lliure de pot\u00e8ncia, perqu\u00e8 \u00e9s acte pur. Per tant \u00e9s sol agent, i de cap manera pot tenir lloc en ell cap passi\u00f3<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

En aquesta escena de la Pla\u00e7a de Sant Pere hi ha un element que contemplem per igual creients i ateus: un aire tempestu\u00f3s en el qual sura una for\u00e7a despietada i indiferent al sofriment<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Juli\u00e1n Cruz. Collage<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

____________<\/p>\n

Bibliografia<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c1ngel \u00c1lvarez G\u00f3mez, La Suma contra los gentiles de Tom\u00e1s de Aquino<\/em>, Alianza Editorial, 1998<\/p>\n

Alain Besan\u00e7on, La imagen prohibida<\/em>, Siruela, 2003<\/p>\n

Carlos Carrasco Mez, La tradici\u00f3n en la teolog\u00eda de Jen\u00f3fanes<\/em>, Byzantion Nea Hell\u00e1s n\u00famero 29, 2010, p\u00e0g. 55-72<\/p>\n

E.R. Dodds, Los grieos y lo irracional<\/em>, Alianza Editorial, 2019<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La nostra escala no ens permet observar la vastitud de la terra o l’univers, ni tampoc elements \u00ednfims ni microsc\u00f2pics, si no \u00e9s amb l’ajuda d’unes certes eines. Una d’elles…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2698,"featured_media":31423,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6092],"tags":[],"coauthors":[6635],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNo \u00e9s com nosaltres – A*Desk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/a-desk.org\/ca\/magazine\/no-es-com-nosaltres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"No \u00e9s com nosaltres – A*Desk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La nostra escala no ens permet observar la vastitud de la terra o l’univers, ni tampoc elements \u00ednfims ni microsc\u00f2pics, si no \u00e9s amb l’ajuda d’unes certes eines. 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